TYPES OF HOSTING

Internet hosting services can run Web servers; see Internet hosting services.

Hosting services limited to the Web:

Many large companies who are not internet service providers also need a computer permanently connected to the web so they can send email, files, etc. to other sites. They may also use the computer as a website host so they can provide details of their goods and services to anyone interested. Additionally these people may decide to place online orders.

• Free web hosting service: Free web hosting is offered by different companies with limited services, sometimes advertisement-supported web hosting, and is often limited when compared to paid hosting.
• Shared web hosting service: one's website is placed on the same server as many other sites, ranging from a few to hundreds or thousands. Typically, all domains may share a common pool of server resources, such as RAM and the CPU. The features available with this type of service can be quite extensive. A shared website may be hosted with a reseller.
• Reseller web hosting: allows clients to become web hosts themselves. Resellers could function, for individual domains, under any combination of these listed types of hosting, depending on who they are affiliated with as a provider. Resellers' accounts may vary tremendously in size: they may have their own virtual dedicated server to a collocated server. Many resellers provide a nearly identical service to their provider's shared hosting plan and provide the technical support themselves.
• Virtual Dedicated Server: also known as a Virtual Private Server (VPS for short) divides server resources into virtual servers, where resources can be allocated in a way that does not directly reflect the underlying hardware. VPS will often be allocated resources based on a one server to many VPSs relationship, however virtualisation may be done for a number of reasons, including the ability to move a VPS container between servers. The users may have root access to their own virtual space. This is also known as a virtual private server or VPS. Customers are sometimes responsible for patching and maintaining the server.
• Dedicated hosting service: the user gets his or her own Web server and gains full control over it (root access for Linux/administrator access for Windows); however, the user typically does not own the server. Another type of Dedicated hosting is Self-Managed or Unmanaged. This is usually the least expensive for Dedicated plans. The user has full administrative access to the box, which means the client is responsible for the security and maintenance of his own dedicated box.
• Managed hosting service: the user gets his or her own Web server but is not allowed full control over it (root access for Linux/administrator access for Windows); however, they are allowed to manage their data via FTP or other remote management tools. The user is disallowed full control so that the provider can guarantee quality of service by not allowing the user to modify the server or potentially create configuration problems. The user typically does not own the server. The server is leased to the client.
• Colocation web hosting service: similar to the dedicated web hosting service, but the user owns the colo server; the hosting company provides physical space that the server takes up and takes care of the server. This is the most powerful and expensive type of the web hosting service. In most cases, the colocation provider may provide little to no support directly for their client's machine, providing only the electrical, Internet access, and storage facilities for the server. In most cases for colo, the client would have his own administrator visit the data center on site to do any hardware upgrades or changes.
• Cloud hosting: is a new type of hosting platform that allows customers powerful, scalable and reliable hosting based on clustered load-balanced servers and utility billing. Removing single-point of failures and allowing customers to pay for only what they use versus what they could use.
• Clustered hosting: having multiple servers hosting the same content for better resource utilization. Clustered Servers are a perfect solution for high-availability dedicated hosting, or creating a scalable web hosting solution. A cluster may separate web serving from database hosting capability.
• Grid hosting: this form of distributed hosting is when a server cluster acts like a grid and is composed of multiple nodes.
• Home server: usually a single machine placed in a private residence can be used to host one or more web sites from a usually consumer-grade broadband connection. These can be purpose-built machines or more commonly old PCs. Some ISPs actively attempt to block home servers by disallowing incoming requests to TCP port 80 of the user's connection and by refusing to provide static IP addresses. A common way to attain a reliable DNS hostname is by creating an account with a dynamic DNS service. A dynamic DNS service will automatically change the IP address that a URL points to when the IP address changes.

SERVICE SCOPE

The scope of hosting services varies widely. The most basic is web page and small-scale file hosting, where files can be uploaded via File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or a Web interface. The files are usually delivered to the Web "as is" or with little processing. Many Internet service providers (ISPs) offer this service free to their subscribers. People can also obtain Web page hosting from other, alternative service providers. Personal web site hosting is typically free, advertisement-sponsored, or cheap. Business web site hosting often has a higher expense.

Single page hosting is generally sufficient only for personal web pages. A complex site calls for a more comprehensive package that provides database support and application development platforms (e.g.PHP, Java, Ruby on Rails, ColdFusion, and ASP.NET). These facilities allow the customers to write or install scripts for applications like forums and content management. For e-commerce, SSL is also highly recommended.

The host may also provide an interface or control panel for managing the Web server and installing scripts as well as other services like e-mail. Some hosts specialize in certain software or services (e.g. e-commerce). They are commonly used by larger companies to outsource network infrastructure to a hosting company.

WEB HOSTING SERVICE

A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to make their own website accessible via the World Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server they own or lease for use by their clients as well as providing Internet connectivity, typically in a data center. Web hosts can also provide data center space and connectivity to the Internet for servers they do not own to be located in their data center, called colocation.

READING ORDER

Some of the content on this site if you already are familiar with, and you see the menu is a special subject that you know more about, you might want to jump directly.


(We crossed the site from all over tried to provide links to related subjects, so you can easily find related information if something is not clear.)


If you completely new to web hosting is a wonderful world, we suggest that you start with the subject and his last down just before work.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

It is clear by now that information on this site are people who are relatively new to the Internet is to be, they teach you how to start your web hosting company does not try ...

So if you have an Internet Thurs Who "MX records for lunch" and "cron jobs for dinner" will be, you'll notice that we keep things relatively simple tried, in the interest of clarity!

WINDOWS HOSTING

Desktop PC, Windows is the most popular operating system, but when it comes to web servers, Windows Linux and other Unix operating systems is a very small market share like that.


One possible reason is that Windows hosting is expensive than normal Linux Hosting. In order to use a Microsoft Windows license from one payment needs, while Linux is using is free, and Web hosting companies usually have to spend their clients on these.


Server market and one reason for their tiny market share that Windows (deservedly or not) for one's reputation has been slow and less stable than Linux, programming errors and security problems are discovered on a regular basis .


In these cases, Microsoft typically releases security patches for that Web server installed as soon as possible. If not, sometimes hackers can gain complete control of web servers.


No one knows why for so many companies and individuals still choose a Windows hosting platform launched its Web site, it may well be because the software is so familiar.


If you are using Windows on your desktop computer, you find it easier to manage a Windows server, while Linux and other operating systems, like Unix is still going but deep and give a name for geek-oriented wanted.


The "familiar" not only applies to the operating system but Windows database and scripting languages used for hosting.


Windows platform as your web server typically Internet Information Server (IIS) uses, together with an Access or SQL Server database, and an active Server Pages (ASP) scripting environment.


Access is often used for relatively small database applications, the product is part of Microsoft Office Suite.


Users and transactions for MS SQL Server database applications have supported a large number is for. This widely used, as is the banking and insurance sectors.


Active Server Page scripting environment one that many programming languages including VBScript, supports. This language strongly resembles the original scene, and as a result, many companies possess, in house expertise for the development of ASP applications.


Some years ago, Microsoft released the so-called. NET environment and Windows applications perform further functionality (including Windows hosting) should increase.

LINUX HOSTING

Linux is a Unix operating system of the originally developed by a Finnish student called Linus Torvalds as name. Nowadays, it is being supported and developed by and is a major international developer community.


Linux open source software, namely, as offered: Every one and (revised) can see their source code. Why a relatively secure and stable Linux operating system a reputation for being: to explain errors in programming and security developer community soon may be determined by members.


The Linux is free, and usually less demanding hardware (CPU, internal memory, is, etc.) from Windows.


As a result, Linux hosting is usually cheaper than Windows Hosting: low cost web hosting company that has been passed to customers!


Therefore, it is not surprising that the same as Linux and Unix - the operating system (eg, Free BSD) Web server market is the largest market share.

LAMP PLATFORM

When we talk about Linux hosting, we often acronym "filled lamp." Forum Hosting for major elements in the individual letters stand for the word.


L "" stands for Linux itself.


"Apache" for standing, web servers that send web pages to browsers of site visitors are responsible for.


M "" MySQL, a database program that offers basic for Oracle and MS SQL Server database as somewhat limited in functionality compared to the stands, but that has been improved and extended so that it "" professional database can compete with.


Finally, 'P' or Perl PHP, Programming languages for the Web site that a (MySQL database) is retrieved from the data, and / or site visitors can be used to make contact with the stands.


Linux is still a significant loss: more than Windows operating system requires special knowledge.


Resolve this problem, many have made installation program that it is possible to establish, say, a bulletin board or a content management a simple wizard 'use' system, and Linux platform, type of software that often .. Is free.

DOMAIN NAME REGISTRATION

In the past, can you register only one place where one was Dot-com domain.


(Henceforth, when we talk about a domain name, we'll just assume it's a dot-com domain, because many people like that TLD.)


Nowadays, there are many Registrars "" Where you register your domain will be able to at least $ 10 more than prices ranging from $ 30 per year.


Registrars are not with you directly, most web hosts will register a domain on your behalf with joy (they usually make a small profit).


Most web hosts sites, you will compare our hosting packages. You sometimes see: "be your own domain," or something like that.


It not always mean that the annual domain name registration fees listed in the web hosting fee is included.


It may just mean that your domain, instead of using one of the options available to have the right to use.


You sign up with the host always double check before!
Tip: if you domain name or hosting company to ask yourself what register it for you, always be sure you master (or "registrant") are doing

OWN DOMAIN NAME ADVANTAGES

The meaning of your domain name that you just a new hosting company if you are not satisfied with your current host can visit your site for (or if they go out of business), yet keep the existing URL.


(How this works is to watch one technical point IP address and 'Domain Name Server "is explained in the section about.)


Use a domain name owned by someone else means that you scratch a new URL-old URL, bookmark has been that many people and by promoting indexed by many search engines have started, will not now work ...

MULTIPLE DOMAINS

Some web hosts offer multiple domain hosting packages with. "

This means, basically, you pay a fee, but get right to create more than one website (say: my hobbies and about your company or any other site in one site, "the Reseller Package ", a site for their client in the case A, B, and one other for customer).


Each of these websites have their own domain, for example be, "myhobby.com" and "mycompany.com".


Note that doing this only as many deputy, as is, "hobby.mysite.com" and "company.mysite.com".


In that instance, you may put sites completely (different domain ie,) separately, or would risk looking unprofessional instead!


Sometimes, web hosts expression "multiple domain" indicates to use multiple domain names that you can access using a single site (site additional 'signal' as thinking about additional domain names).


It is useful in some circumstances, may, for example: If your domain name and you hit the magic is relatively difficult their misspellings ( "myinsurance.com" and "myinsurence.com"), or if your domain name is registered with both and without hyphens (my domain.com "and mydomain.com" "").


However, this is a good idea for all those with the intention of submitting to search engines is not registered multiple domain names, so more likely to receive search engine traffic directly to see through this strategy, and for perhaps You can also punished ...


Tip: If multiple domains with the 'choose a hosting package, so make sure you understand what is really meant by his host that expression!

IP AND DNS SERVERS

Every computer connected to the Internet has a unique ID called an IP address is needed.

Just one IP address is a number between zero and about 4.3 billion.

It often four octets "as shown" is between 0 and 255 (number) in the "dotted decimal" notation, like: "64.236.24.28".

(Example IP address is related to CNN's web server, as you enter: http://64.236.24.28/ can see by))

IP Web server and other computers on a permanent Internet connection usually not change the address on it, so they are called static IP addresses.

Standing cable (or with the computer, unlike xDSL) connection, Dial-connection to the computer as a common IP address that changes each time they connect to the Internet is.

These so-called dynamic IP addresses specified by ISP (currently available IP addresses in a "pool" of) connections are for the period.

SCARCITY OF IP ADDRESS

This dynamic IP address used to work as a relatively "are rare" is. In theory, there are "only" 4.3 billion different numbers available, and even less in practice because of certain limitations for specific purposes are used.

So, for example, we give a unique IP address of each person on our planet if we wanted could.

Fortunately, "reduction" is only the IP addresses that currently the largest type (IPv4, or 4 above) applies to used.

An improved version (IPv6) has been created that offer 4 billion times 4 billion times 4 billion times 4 billion different numbers, in practice, that one IP address almost "infinite" is!

However, for IPv6, for ISPS and web hosts need to invest in new equipment to switch, so that some more years for us to be around IPv4 can expect.

Consequently, ISPS and Web hosts often try to limit the number of IP address that they provide to customers, customers from a group sharing the same address.

We have already seen how ISPS For this purpose, use dynamic IP address, web host, something like "name based virtual hosting" use.

DNS

It is very easy for humans but its associated IP address CNN domain name "cnn.com" remember. Computers, however, to deal with inherent strength, they need a way based on an IP domain name shows.


The DNS or domain name server is used. When you register a domain name, you must specify (at least) two name servers.


You need two or more for reasons of redundancy: even if a name server should ever go down, others will likely still work.


One place "using complex distributed database" process, name server "IP address translation associated" domain name will be.


If you ever go to your site from another computer (eg, because you want to choose a new web host), you must update the name server IP address.

UNIQUE IP ADDRESS

As we mentioned earlier, the web server has a static IP address that rarely changes.


Although not necessary that your site must have a unique or dedicated IP address!


If so, like most, your virtual hosting, your web site on a computer is stored with many other sites have chosen to.


Because of the relative lack of IP address, your web hosting server can specify only one IP address, it shares site with other sites stored on the server's IP address means.


In practice, this is rarely a problem. Modern browsers send "header information" web server, it includes among other things, requested the site domain name.


Based on header information, the web server in the browser's back right data. (The "name based virtual hosting," we called earlier.)


Some web hosting packages as part of their hosts in offering a unique IP address, even if a web server hosts several sites, they all have different IP addresses.


Tip: to get a dedicated IP address may include additional cost. So you ask yourself whether you really would benefit from one, in many cases should, do not answer this question!


There are a few reasons why you really need a unique IP address running your mail server (an application that we feel, is for Web Hosting is beyond the scope of this Introduction), or one for your domain unique name to secure server certificate.


Having a unique IP address can offer some additional benefits. For example, sometimes it is a rumor that search engines completely ignore the IP address from spammers can be punished.


We do not believe! Rumors that (in addition to many innocent site owners will be punished is spammers are true), but if this is your unique IP address can ensure that the actions of a spammer, you are not punished a single hosted on a computer.


Another advantage is that really old browers (or ambiguous) with the users can visit your site. Works with browsers hosting that supports 1.1 HTTP-based protocol name - but that is just about every browser released since 1996!